{"id":4258,"date":"2026-09-26T07:41:36","date_gmt":"2026-09-26T07:41:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/watbuddharangsi.org\/?page_id=4258"},"modified":"2026-09-30T00:05:30","modified_gmt":"2026-09-30T00:05:30","slug":"pali-vowels-consonants-khmer","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/watbuddharangsi.org\/km\/pali-vowels-consonants-khmer\/","title":{"rendered":"Reading P\u0101li in Khmer Script \u2013 Combining Vowels &#038; Consonants"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"4258\" class=\"elementor elementor-4258\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36b7fa3 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"36b7fa3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-66222e5 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"66222e5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-de8f401 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"de8f401\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"420\" src=\"https:\/\/watbuddharangsi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Pali-vowels-and-consonants-in-Khmer-script-1024x538.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-4262\" alt=\"P\u0101li vowels and consonants in Khmer script\" srcset=\"https:\/\/watbuddharangsi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Pali-vowels-and-consonants-in-Khmer-script-1024x538.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/watbuddharangsi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Pali-vowels-and-consonants-in-Khmer-script-300x158.jpg 300w, https:\/\/watbuddharangsi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Pali-vowels-and-consonants-in-Khmer-script-768x403.jpg 768w, https:\/\/watbuddharangsi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Pali-vowels-and-consonants-in-Khmer-script-18x9.jpg 18w, https:\/\/watbuddharangsi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Pali-vowels-and-consonants-in-Khmer-script.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-44dae31 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"44dae31\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f1ae037 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f1ae037\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u179a\u17c0\u1793\u1795\u17d2\u179f\u17c6\u179f\u17d2\u179a\u17c8 \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u1796\u17d2\u1799\u1789\u17d2\u1787\u1793\u17c8\u1794\u17b6\u179b\u17b8<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cf45123 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cf45123\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Combining P\u0101li Vowels and Consonants<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f9f245b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f9f245b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">1. Introduction<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e63a20a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e63a20a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>\u179a\u17c0\u1793\u1796\u17b8\u179a\u1794\u17c0\u1794\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u179f\u17d2\u179a\u17c8\u1794\u17b6\u179b\u17b8\u1795\u17d2\u179f\u17c6\u1787\u17b6\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u1796\u17d2\u1799\u1789\u17d2\u1787\u1793\u17c8 \u178a\u17be\u1798\u17d2\u1794\u17b8\u1794\u1784\u17d2\u1780\u17be\u178f\u1787\u17b6\u1796\u17d2\u1799\u17b6\u1784\u17d2\u1782 \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u1796\u17b6\u1780\u17d2\u1799\u1794\u17b6\u179b\u17b8\u17d4<\/strong><\/p><p>\u179f\u17d2\u179c\u17c2\u1784\u1799\u179b\u17cb\u1796\u17b8\u179a\u1794\u17c0\u1794\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u179f\u17d2\u179a\u17c8\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u17a2\u17d2\u1793\u1780\u1791\u17be\u1794\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u179a\u17c0\u1793 \u1794\u17d2\u179a\u17c2\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u17bd\u179b\u1793\u17c5\u1796\u17c1\u179b\u1795\u17d2\u179f\u17c6\u1787\u17b6\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u1796\u17d2\u1799\u1789\u17d2\u1787\u1793\u17c8 \u17a0\u17be\u1799\u1785\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1795\u17d2\u178a\u17be\u1798\u179a\u17c0\u1793\u1795\u17d2\u179f\u17c6\u1796\u17d2\u1799\u17b6\u1784\u17d2\u1782 \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u1796\u17b6\u1780\u17d2\u1799\u1794\u17b6\u179b\u17b8\u17d4<\/p><p>Learn how the vowels you have just studied change when they are combined with consonants, and begin forming P\u0101li syllables and words.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7c9777c e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"7c9777c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5c0d634 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"5c0d634\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u17e1. \u179f\u17d2\u179a\u17c8\u1788\u179a\u178a\u17c4\u1799\u1781\u17d2\u179b\u17bd\u1793\u17af\u1784 \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u179f\u17d2\u179a\u17c8\u1795\u17d2\u179f\u17c6\u1787\u17b6\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u1796\u17d2\u1799\u1789\u17d2\u1787\u1793\u17c8<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f0fc46 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3f0fc46\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Independent Vowels and Vowels with Consonants<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f91aa91 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f91aa91\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u1793\u17c5\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u1798\u17c1\u179a\u17c0\u1793\u1798\u17bb\u1793 \u1799\u17be\u1784\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u179a\u17c0\u1793\u179f\u17d2\u179a\u17c8\u1794\u17b6\u179b\u17b8\u1791\u17b6\u17c6\u1784 \u17e8\u17d6<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-97be525 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"97be525\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u17a2 \u17a2\u17b6 \u17a5 \u17a6 \u17a7 \u17a9 \u17af \u17b1<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ab61651 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ab61651\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u1793\u17c5\u1796\u17c1\u179b\u179f\u17d2\u179a\u17c8\u1785\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1795\u17d2\u178a\u17be\u1798\u1796\u17d2\u1799\u17b6\u1784\u17d2\u1782 \u179c\u17b6\u17a2\u17b6\u1785\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u17be\u1787\u17b6\u1791\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u1784\u17cb\u179f\u17d2\u179a\u17c8\u1796\u17c1\u1789\u178f\u17bd\u17d4 \u1794\u17c9\u17bb\u1793\u17d2\u178f\u17c2\u1793\u17c5\u1796\u17c1\u179b\u179f\u17d2\u179a\u17c8\u1795\u17d2\u179f\u17c6\u1787\u17b6\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u1796\u17d2\u1799\u1789\u17d2\u1787\u1793\u17c8 \u179f\u17d2\u179a\u17c8\u1781\u17d2\u179b\u17c7\u1793\u17b9\u1784\u1794\u17d2\u178a\u17bc\u179a\u1791\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u1784\u17cb \u17a0\u17be\u1799\u179f\u179a\u179f\u17c1\u179a\u1797\u17d2\u1787\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1787\u17b6\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u1796\u17d2\u1799\u1789\u17d2\u1787\u1793\u17c8\u17d4<\/p><p>In the previous lesson, we learned the eight P\u0101li vowels. When a vowel begins a syllable, its independent form can be used. When a vowel is combined with a consonant, some vowels change form and are written as vowel signs attached to the consonant.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7193741 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"7193741\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u17a7\u1791\u17b6\u17a0\u179a\u178e\u17cd \u2014 Example<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5823469 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"5823469\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u17b1 = o<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f30e94d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f30e94d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u17b1 \u1787\u17b6\u1791\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u1784\u17cb\u179f\u17d2\u179a\u17c8\u1796\u17c1\u1789\u178f\u17bd\u17d4<br \/><strong>\u17b1 is the independent form of the vowel o.<\/strong><\/p><p>\u1793\u17c5\u1796\u17c1\u179b\u179f\u17c6\u17a1\u17c1\u1784 <strong>o<\/strong> \u1795\u17d2\u179f\u17c6\u1787\u17b6\u1798\u17bd\u1799 <strong>\u1798 (m)<\/strong> \u1799\u17be\u1784\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u17be\u179f\u1789\u17d2\u1789\u17b6\u179f\u17d2\u179a\u17c8 <strong>\u17c4<\/strong>\u17d6<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fc86ae9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"fc86ae9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u1798 + \u17c4 = \u1798\u17c4<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8cecfb9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8cecfb9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>m + o = mo<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0094a85 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0094a85\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u178a\u17bc\u1785\u17d2\u1793\u17c1\u17c7\u17d6<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a04edea elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"a04edea\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u1793 + \u1798\u17c4 = \u1793\u1798\u17c4<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-515a6b6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"515a6b6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">na + mo = namo<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a5fd79d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a5fd79d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"pali-listen\">\n\n  <button class=\"pali-play\" type=\"button\" onclick=\"togglePaliAudio(this)\">\n    \ud83d\udd0a \u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\n  <\/button>\n\n  <audio preload=\"metadata\">\n    <source src=\"https:\/\/watbuddharangsi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/\u1793\u1798\u17c4.mp3 \" type=\"audio\/mpeg\">\n  <\/audio>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<script>\nfunction togglePaliAudio(button) {\n  const audio = button.nextElementSibling;\n\n  if (audio.paused) {\n    audio.play();\n    button.innerHTML = \"\u23f8 \u1795\u17d2\u17a2\u17b6\u1780\";\n  } else {\n    audio.pause();\n    audio.currentTime = 0;\n    button.innerHTML = \"\ud83d\udd0a \u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\";\n  }\n\n  audio.onended = function() {\n    button.innerHTML = \"\ud83d\udd0a \u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\";\n  };\n}\n<\/script>\n\n<style>\n.pali-play {\n  font-family: \"Noto Sans Khmer\", sans-serif;\n  font-size: 16px;\n  font-weight: 600;\n  color: #333333;\n  background: #FFFDF8;\n  border: 1px solid #E7D8AE;\n  border-radius: 8px;\n  padding: 7px 14px;\n  cursor: pointer;\n  transition: 0.2s ease;\n}\n\n.pali-play:hover {\n  background: #F8EED3;\n  border-color: #D6A72C;\n}\n<\/style>\n\n\n\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8f97bac e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8f97bac\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f5b9c5d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f5b9c5d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u17e2. \u179f\u17d2\u179a\u17c8\u1791\u17b6\u17c6\u1784 \u17e8 \u1796\u17c1\u179b\u1795\u17d2\u179f\u17c6\u1787\u17b6\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u1796\u17d2\u1799\u1789\u17d2\u1787\u1793\u17c8<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-028ed33 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"028ed33\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">The 8 Vowels with a Consonant<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f851864 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f851864\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u178a\u17be\u1798\u17d2\u1794\u17b8\u1784\u17b6\u1799\u1799\u179b\u17cb \u1799\u17be\u1784\u1793\u17b9\u1784\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u17be\u1796\u17d2\u1799\u1789\u17d2\u1787\u1793\u17c8 <strong>\u1780 (k)<\/strong> \u1787\u17b6\u17a7\u1791\u17b6\u17a0\u179a\u178e\u17cd \u17a0\u17be\u1799\u1795\u17d2\u179f\u17c6\u179c\u17b6\u1787\u17b6\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u179f\u17d2\u179a\u17c8\u1791\u17b6\u17c6\u1784 \u17e8\u17d4<\/p><p>To make this easier to understand, we will use the consonant \u1780 (k) and combine it with each of the eight vowels.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bbaa38a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"bbaa38a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u17a2 \u2192 \u1780<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-37e8fc8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"37e8fc8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">ka<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9af6d64 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9af6d64\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"pali-listen\">\n\n  <button class=\"pali-play\" type=\"button\" onclick=\"togglePaliAudio(this)\">\n    \ud83d\udd0a \u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\n  <\/button>\n\n  <audio preload=\"metadata\">\n    <source src=\"https:\/\/watbuddharangsi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/\u17a2-\u2192-\u1780.mp3 \" type=\"audio\/mpeg\">\n  <\/audio>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<script>\nfunction togglePaliAudio(button) {\n  const audio = button.nextElementSibling;\n\n  if (audio.paused) {\n    audio.play();\n    button.innerHTML = \"\u23f8 \u1795\u17d2\u17a2\u17b6\u1780\";\n  } else {\n    audio.pause();\n    audio.currentTime = 0;\n    button.innerHTML = \"\ud83d\udd0a \u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\";\n  }\n\n  audio.onended = function() {\n    button.innerHTML = \"\ud83d\udd0a \u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\";\n  };\n}\n<\/script>\n\n<style>\n.pali-play {\n  font-family: \"Noto Sans Khmer\", sans-serif;\n  font-size: 16px;\n  font-weight: 600;\n  color: #333333;\n  background: #FFFDF8;\n  border: 1px solid #E7D8AE;\n  border-radius: 8px;\n  padding: 7px 14px;\n  cursor: pointer;\n  transition: 0.2s ease;\n}\n\n.pali-play:hover {\n  background: #F8EED3;\n  border-color: #D6A72C;\n}\n<\/style>\n\n\n\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a11d805 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"a11d805\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-097eae4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"097eae4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u17a2\u17b6 \u2192 \u1780\u17b6<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f949177 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f949177\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">k\u0101<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b78b558 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b78b558\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"pali-listen\">\n\n  <button class=\"pali-play\" type=\"button\" onclick=\"togglePaliAudio(this)\">\n    \ud83d\udd0a \u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\n  <\/button>\n\n  <audio preload=\"metadata\">\n    <source src=\"https:\/\/watbuddharangsi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/\u17a2\u17b6-\u2192-\u1780\u17b6.mp3 \" type=\"audio\/mpeg\">\n  <\/audio>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<script>\nfunction togglePaliAudio(button) {\n  const audio = button.nextElementSibling;\n\n  if (audio.paused) {\n    audio.play();\n    button.innerHTML = \"\u23f8 \u1795\u17d2\u17a2\u17b6\u1780\";\n  } else {\n    audio.pause();\n    audio.currentTime = 0;\n    button.innerHTML = \"\ud83d\udd0a \u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\";\n  }\n\n  audio.onended = function() {\n    button.innerHTML = \"\ud83d\udd0a \u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\";\n  };\n}\n<\/script>\n\n<style>\n.pali-play {\n  font-family: \"Noto Sans Khmer\", sans-serif;\n  font-size: 16px;\n  font-weight: 600;\n  color: #333333;\n  background: #FFFDF8;\n  border: 1px solid #E7D8AE;\n  border-radius: 8px;\n  padding: 7px 14px;\n  cursor: pointer;\n  transition: 0.2s ease;\n}\n\n.pali-play:hover {\n  background: #F8EED3;\n  border-color: #D6A72C;\n}\n<\/style>\n\n\n\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6a5680f e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"6a5680f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4726f17 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"4726f17\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u17a5 \u2192 \u1780\u17b7<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-75da094 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"75da094\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">ki<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e5e7f7e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e5e7f7e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"pali-listen\">\n\n  <button class=\"pali-play\" type=\"button\" onclick=\"togglePaliAudio(this)\">\n    \ud83d\udd0a \u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\n  <\/button>\n\n  <audio preload=\"metadata\">\n    <source src=\"https:\/\/watbuddharangsi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/\u17a5-\u2192-\u1780\u17b7.mp3\" type=\"audio\/mpeg\">\n  <\/audio>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<script>\nfunction togglePaliAudio(button) {\n  const audio = button.nextElementSibling;\n\n  if (audio.paused) {\n    audio.play();\n    button.innerHTML = \"\u23f8 \u1795\u17d2\u17a2\u17b6\u1780\";\n  } else {\n    audio.pause();\n    audio.currentTime = 0;\n    button.innerHTML = \"\ud83d\udd0a \u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\";\n  }\n\n  audio.onended = function() {\n    button.innerHTML = \"\ud83d\udd0a \u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\";\n  };\n}\n<\/script>\n\n<style>\n.pali-play {\n  font-family: \"Noto Sans Khmer\", sans-serif;\n  font-size: 16px;\n  font-weight: 600;\n  color: #333333;\n  background: #FFFDF8;\n  border: 1px solid #E7D8AE;\n  border-radius: 8px;\n  padding: 7px 14px;\n  cursor: pointer;\n  transition: 0.2s ease;\n}\n\n.pali-play:hover {\n  background: #F8EED3;\n  border-color: #D6A72C;\n}\n<\/style>\n\n\n\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-760ce95 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"760ce95\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c48f1b8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"c48f1b8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u17a6 \u2192 \u1780\u17b8<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ac0d339 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ac0d339\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">k\u012b<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a620a45 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a620a45\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"pali-listen\">\n\n  <button class=\"pali-play\" type=\"button\" onclick=\"togglePaliAudio(this)\">\n    \ud83d\udd0a \u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\n  <\/button>\n\n  <audio preload=\"metadata\">\n    <source src=\"https:\/\/watbuddharangsi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/\u17a6-\u2192-\u1780\u17b8.mp3 \" type=\"audio\/mpeg\">\n  <\/audio>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<script>\nfunction togglePaliAudio(button) {\n  const audio = button.nextElementSibling;\n\n  if (audio.paused) {\n    audio.play();\n    button.innerHTML = \"\u23f8 \u1795\u17d2\u17a2\u17b6\u1780\";\n  } else {\n    audio.pause();\n    audio.currentTime = 0;\n    button.innerHTML = \"\ud83d\udd0a \u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\";\n  }\n\n  audio.onended = function() {\n    button.innerHTML = \"\ud83d\udd0a \u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\";\n  };\n}\n<\/script>\n\n<style>\n.pali-play {\n  font-family: \"Noto Sans Khmer\", sans-serif;\n  font-size: 16px;\n  font-weight: 600;\n  color: #333333;\n  background: #FFFDF8;\n  border: 1px solid #E7D8AE;\n  border-radius: 8px;\n  padding: 7px 14px;\n  cursor: pointer;\n  transition: 0.2s ease;\n}\n\n.pali-play:hover {\n  background: #F8EED3;\n  border-color: #D6A72C;\n}\n<\/style>\n\n\n\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7c48d84 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"7c48d84\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1c1b472 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1c1b472\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u17a7 \u2192 \u1780\u17bb<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-be68d58 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"be68d58\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">ku<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0c1f5f7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0c1f5f7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"pali-listen\">\n\n  <button class=\"pali-play\" type=\"button\" onclick=\"togglePaliAudio(this)\">\n    \ud83d\udd0a \u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\n  <\/button>\n\n  <audio preload=\"metadata\">\n    <source src=\"https:\/\/watbuddharangsi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/\u17a7-\u2192-\u1780\u17bb.mp3 \" type=\"audio\/mpeg\">\n  <\/audio>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<script>\nfunction togglePaliAudio(button) {\n  const audio = button.nextElementSibling;\n\n  if (audio.paused) {\n    audio.play();\n    button.innerHTML = \"\u23f8 \u1795\u17d2\u17a2\u17b6\u1780\";\n  } else {\n    audio.pause();\n    audio.currentTime = 0;\n    button.innerHTML = \"\ud83d\udd0a \u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\";\n  }\n\n  audio.onended = function() {\n    button.innerHTML = \"\ud83d\udd0a \u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\";\n  };\n}\n<\/script>\n\n<style>\n.pali-play {\n  font-family: \"Noto Sans Khmer\", sans-serif;\n  font-size: 16px;\n  font-weight: 600;\n  color: #333333;\n  background: #FFFDF8;\n  border: 1px solid #E7D8AE;\n  border-radius: 8px;\n  padding: 7px 14px;\n  cursor: pointer;\n  transition: 0.2s ease;\n}\n\n.pali-play:hover {\n  background: #F8EED3;\n  border-color: #D6A72C;\n}\n<\/style>\n\n\n\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6237402 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"6237402\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dfc2ff9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"dfc2ff9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u17a9 \u2192 \u1780\u17bc<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ac5f2ce elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ac5f2ce\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">k\u016b<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-13625f0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"13625f0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"pali-listen\">\n\n  <button class=\"pali-play\" type=\"button\" onclick=\"togglePaliAudio(this)\">\n    \ud83d\udd0a \u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\n  <\/button>\n\n  <audio preload=\"metadata\">\n    <source src=\"https:\/\/watbuddharangsi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/\u17a9-\u2192-\u1780\u17bc.mp3 \" type=\"audio\/mpeg\">\n  <\/audio>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<script>\nfunction togglePaliAudio(button) {\n  const audio = button.nextElementSibling;\n\n  if (audio.paused) {\n    audio.play();\n    button.innerHTML = \"\u23f8 \u1795\u17d2\u17a2\u17b6\u1780\";\n  } else {\n    audio.pause();\n    audio.currentTime = 0;\n    button.innerHTML = \"\ud83d\udd0a \u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\";\n  }\n\n  audio.onended = function() {\n    button.innerHTML = \"\ud83d\udd0a \u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\";\n  };\n}\n<\/script>\n\n<style>\n.pali-play {\n  font-family: \"Noto Sans Khmer\", sans-serif;\n  font-size: 16px;\n  font-weight: 600;\n  color: #333333;\n  background: #FFFDF8;\n  border: 1px solid #E7D8AE;\n  border-radius: 8px;\n  padding: 7px 14px;\n  cursor: pointer;\n  transition: 0.2s ease;\n}\n\n.pali-play:hover {\n  background: #F8EED3;\n  border-color: #D6A72C;\n}\n<\/style>\n\n\n\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cc89db8 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cc89db8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3bee295 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3bee295\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u17af \u2192 \u1780\u17c1<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-24d93d7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"24d93d7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">ke<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f249749 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f249749\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"pali-listen\">\n\n  <button class=\"pali-play\" type=\"button\" onclick=\"togglePaliAudio(this)\">\n    \ud83d\udd0a \u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\n  <\/button>\n\n  <audio preload=\"metadata\">\n    <source src=\"https:\/\/watbuddharangsi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/\u17af-\u2192-\u1780\u17c1.mp3 \" type=\"audio\/mpeg\">\n  <\/audio>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<script>\nfunction togglePaliAudio(button) {\n  const audio = button.nextElementSibling;\n\n  if (audio.paused) {\n    audio.play();\n    button.innerHTML = \"\u23f8 \u1795\u17d2\u17a2\u17b6\u1780\";\n  } else {\n    audio.pause();\n    audio.currentTime = 0;\n    button.innerHTML = \"\ud83d\udd0a \u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\";\n  }\n\n  audio.onended = function() {\n    button.innerHTML = \"\ud83d\udd0a \u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\";\n  };\n}\n<\/script>\n\n<style>\n.pali-play {\n  font-family: \"Noto Sans Khmer\", sans-serif;\n  font-size: 16px;\n  font-weight: 600;\n  color: #333333;\n  background: #FFFDF8;\n  border: 1px solid #E7D8AE;\n  border-radius: 8px;\n  padding: 7px 14px;\n  cursor: pointer;\n  transition: 0.2s ease;\n}\n\n.pali-play:hover {\n  background: #F8EED3;\n  border-color: #D6A72C;\n}\n<\/style>\n\n\n\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1c6108a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"1c6108a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7bf1691 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"7bf1691\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u17b1 \u2192 \u1780\u17c4<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1410e76 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1410e76\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">ko<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2984d3e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2984d3e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"pali-listen\">\n\n  <button class=\"pali-play\" type=\"button\" onclick=\"togglePaliAudio(this)\">\n    \ud83d\udd0a \u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\n  <\/button>\n\n  <audio preload=\"metadata\">\n    <source src=\"https:\/\/watbuddharangsi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/\u17b1-\u2192-\u1780\u17c4.mp3 \" type=\"audio\/mpeg\">\n  <\/audio>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<script>\nfunction togglePaliAudio(button) {\n  const audio = button.nextElementSibling;\n\n  if (audio.paused) {\n    audio.play();\n    button.innerHTML = \"\u23f8 \u1795\u17d2\u17a2\u17b6\u1780\";\n  } else {\n    audio.pause();\n    audio.currentTime = 0;\n    button.innerHTML = \"\ud83d\udd0a \u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\";\n  }\n\n  audio.onended = function() {\n    button.innerHTML = \"\ud83d\udd0a \u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\";\n  };\n}\n<\/script>\n\n<style>\n.pali-play {\n  font-family: \"Noto Sans Khmer\", sans-serif;\n  font-size: 16px;\n  font-weight: 600;\n  color: #333333;\n  background: #FFFDF8;\n  border: 1px solid #E7D8AE;\n  border-radius: 8px;\n  padding: 7px 14px;\n  cursor: pointer;\n  transition: 0.2s ease;\n}\n\n.pali-play:hover {\n  background: #F8EED3;\n  border-color: #D6A72C;\n}\n<\/style>\n\n\n\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1c2bf0e e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"1c2bf0e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5836dcd elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"5836dcd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u1785\u17c6\u178e\u17b6\u17c6 \u2014 Note<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a45bde5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"a45bde5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u179f\u1784\u17d2\u1780\u17c1\u178f\u1798\u17be\u179b\u1790\u17b6 \u179f\u17d2\u179a\u17c8\u1781\u17d2\u179b\u17c7\u1794\u17d2\u178a\u17bc\u179a\u1791\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u1784\u17cb\u1793\u17c5\u1796\u17c1\u179b\u1795\u17d2\u179f\u17c6\u1787\u17b6\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u1796\u17d2\u1799\u1789\u17d2\u1787\u1793\u17c8\u17d6<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c7eb5c9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c7eb5c9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchorContainer\" dir=\"auto\" data-start=\"1189\" data-end=\"1361\">Notice how the vowel forms change when they are attached to a consonant:<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ea47af5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ea47af5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u17a2 \u2192 (\u1782\u17d2\u1798\u17b6\u1793\u179f\u1789\u17d2\u1789\u17b6\u179f\u17d2\u179a\u17c8\u1794\u1793\u17d2\u1790\u17c2\u1798)<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4edfc1f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"4edfc1f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u17a2\u17b6 \u2192 \u17b6<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d76bbc0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"d76bbc0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u17a5 \u2192 \u17b7<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9941e93 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"9941e93\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u17a6 \u2192 \u17b8<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-187c785 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"187c785\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u17a7 \u2192 \u17bb<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2719541 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2719541\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u17a9 \u2192 \u17bc<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-863082a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"863082a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u17af \u2192 \u17c1<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7883b9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"b7883b9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u17b1 \u2192 \u17c4<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a1b097e e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"a1b097e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d92939f e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d92939f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1723af6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1723af6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u17e3. \u179f\u17d2\u179a\u17c8 \u00ab\u17a2\u00bb \u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1798\u17b7\u1793\u1794\u1784\u17d2\u17a0\u17b6\u1789\u1787\u17b6\u179f\u1789\u17d2\u1789\u17b6<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-351a852 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"351a852\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">The Inherent Vowel \u201ca\u201d<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-86f7ac4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"86f7ac4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u1793\u17c1\u17c7\u1787\u17b6\u1785\u17c6\u178e\u17bb\u1785\u179f\u17c6\u1781\u17b6\u1793\u17cb\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u17a2\u17d2\u1793\u1780\u1785\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1795\u17d2\u178a\u17be\u1798\u179a\u17c0\u1793\u17a2\u17b6\u1793\u1794\u17b6\u179b\u17b8\u17d4<br \/>\u1793\u17c5\u1796\u17c1\u179b\u1799\u17be\u1784\u1783\u17be\u1789\u17d6<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-49e7ab4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"49e7ab4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u1780<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3a77fb0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3a77fb0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u1799\u17be\u1784\u17a2\u17b6\u1793\u1790\u17b6\u17d6<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-825db94 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"825db94\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">ka<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f829797 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f829797\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u1798\u17b7\u1793\u1785\u17b6\u17c6\u1794\u17b6\u1785\u17cb\u1798\u17b6\u1793\u179f\u1789\u17d2\u1789\u17b6\u179f\u17d2\u179a\u17c8 <strong>\u17b6 \u17b7 \u17b8 \u17bb \u17bc \u17c1 \u17c4<\/strong> \u1797\u17d2\u1787\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1787\u17b6\u1798\u17bd\u1799 <strong>\u1780<\/strong> \u1791\u17c1\u17d4 \u179f\u17c6\u17a1\u17c1\u1784 <strong>a<\/strong> \u1798\u17b6\u1793\u1793\u17c5\u1787\u17b6\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u1796\u17d2\u1799\u1789\u17d2\u1787\u1793\u17c8\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u1780\u179a\u178e\u17b8\u1793\u17c1\u17c7\u17d4<\/p><p>This is an important point for beginners. In this basic P\u0101li reading context, when no other vowel sign is attached to \u1780, it is read with the vowel a:<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1379664 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1379664\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u1780 = ka<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ed50784 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ed50784\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u1794\u17c9\u17bb\u1793\u17d2\u178f\u17c2\u1794\u17be\u1794\u1793\u17d2\u1790\u17c2\u1798\u179f\u17d2\u179a\u17c8 <strong>\u17b6<\/strong>\u17d6<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-890c50a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"890c50a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u1780 + \u17b6 = \u1780\u17b6<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c6eeeec elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"c6eeeec\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">k\u0101<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e1d631b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e1d631b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u178a\u17bc\u1785\u17d2\u1793\u17c1\u17c7\u17d6<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a5ba561 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"a5ba561\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u1780 = ka<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7588a76 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7588a76\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"pali-listen\">\n\n  <button class=\"pali-play\" type=\"button\" onclick=\"togglePaliAudio(this)\">\n    \ud83d\udd0a \u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\n  <\/button>\n\n  <audio preload=\"metadata\">\n    <source src=\"https:\/\/watbuddharangsi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/\u1780-\u2014-ka.mp3 \" type=\"audio\/mpeg\">\n  <\/audio>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<script>\nfunction togglePaliAudio(button) {\n  const audio = button.nextElementSibling;\n\n  if (audio.paused) {\n    audio.play();\n    button.innerHTML = \"\u23f8 \u1795\u17d2\u17a2\u17b6\u1780\";\n  } else {\n    audio.pause();\n    audio.currentTime = 0;\n    button.innerHTML = \"\ud83d\udd0a \u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\";\n  }\n\n  audio.onended = function() {\n    button.innerHTML = \"\ud83d\udd0a \u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\";\n  };\n}\n<\/script>\n\n<style>\n.pali-play {\n  font-family: \"Noto Sans Khmer\", sans-serif;\n  font-size: 16px;\n  font-weight: 600;\n  color: #333333;\n  background: #FFFDF8;\n  border: 1px solid #E7D8AE;\n  border-radius: 8px;\n  padding: 7px 14px;\n  cursor: pointer;\n  transition: 0.2s ease;\n}\n\n.pali-play:hover {\n  background: #F8EED3;\n  border-color: #D6A72C;\n}\n<\/style>\n\n\n\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4b43b52 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"4b43b52\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u1780\u17b6 = k\u0101<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5cff6f0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5cff6f0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"pali-listen\">\n\n  <button class=\"pali-play\" type=\"button\" onclick=\"togglePaliAudio(this)\">\n    \ud83d\udd0a \u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\n  <\/button>\n\n  <audio preload=\"metadata\">\n    <source src=\"https:\/\/watbuddharangsi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/\u1780\u17b6-\u2014-ka.mp3 \" type=\"audio\/mpeg\">\n  <\/audio>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<script>\nfunction togglePaliAudio(button) {\n  const audio = button.nextElementSibling;\n\n  if (audio.paused) {\n    audio.play();\n    button.innerHTML = \"\u23f8 \u1795\u17d2\u17a2\u17b6\u1780\";\n  } else {\n    audio.pause();\n    audio.currentTime = 0;\n    button.innerHTML = \"\ud83d\udd0a \u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\";\n  }\n\n  audio.onended = function() {\n    button.innerHTML = \"\ud83d\udd0a \u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\";\n  };\n}\n<\/script>\n\n<style>\n.pali-play {\n  font-family: \"Noto Sans Khmer\", sans-serif;\n  font-size: 16px;\n  font-weight: 600;\n  color: #333333;\n  background: #FFFDF8;\n  border: 1px solid #E7D8AE;\n  border-radius: 8px;\n  padding: 7px 14px;\n  cursor: pointer;\n  transition: 0.2s ease;\n}\n\n.pali-play:hover {\n  background: #F8EED3;\n  border-color: #D6A72C;\n}\n<\/style>\n\n\n\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a3286c5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a3286c5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u179f\u17c6\u17a1\u17c1\u1784 <strong>a<\/strong> \u1793\u17b7\u1784 <strong>\u0101<\/strong> \u1798\u17b7\u1793\u178a\u17bc\u1785\u1782\u17d2\u1793\u17b6\u1791\u17c1\u17d4 <strong>a<\/strong> \u1787\u17b6\u179f\u17d2\u179a\u17c8\u1781\u17d2\u179b\u17b8 \u179a\u17b8\u17af <strong>\u0101<\/strong> \u1787\u17b6\u179f\u17d2\u179a\u17c8\u179c\u17c2\u1784\u17d4<\/p><p>The sounds a and \u0101 are different. a is a short vowel, while \u0101 is a long vowel.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-79f36ce e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"79f36ce\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-41fb864 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"41fb864\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4099fb4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"4099fb4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u17e4. \u179f\u17d2\u179a\u17c8\u1781\u17d2\u179b\u17b8 \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u179f\u17d2\u179a\u17c8\u179c\u17c2\u1784<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dba9a69 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"dba9a69\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Short and Long Vowels<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-391db29 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"391db29\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u1793\u17c5\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u1798\u17c1\u179a\u17c0\u1793\u1798\u17bb\u1793 \u1799\u17be\u1784\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u179f\u17d2\u1782\u17b6\u179b\u17cb\u179f\u17d2\u179a\u17c8\u1781\u17d2\u179b\u17b8 \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u179f\u17d2\u179a\u17c8\u179c\u17c2\u1784\u17d4 \u17a5\u17a1\u17bc\u179c\u1793\u17c1\u17c7 \u1799\u17be\u1784\u17a2\u17b6\u1785\u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u1794\u17cb \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u17c0\u1794\u1792\u17c0\u1794\u179f\u17c6\u17a1\u17c1\u1784\u1791\u17b6\u17c6\u1784\u1793\u17c1\u17c7 \u1793\u17c5\u1796\u17c1\u179b\u179c\u17b6\u1795\u17d2\u179f\u17c6\u1787\u17b6\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u1796\u17d2\u1799\u1789\u17d2\u1787\u1793\u17c8\u17d4<\/p><p>In the previous lesson, we learned about short and long vowels. Now we can hear and compare them when they are combined with a consonant.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c0d9f63 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c0d9f63\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>a \/ \u0101<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a611787 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"a611787\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u1780 \u2014 ka<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1a5f72d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1a5f72d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"pali-listen\">\n\n  <button class=\"pali-play\" type=\"button\" onclick=\"togglePaliAudio(this)\">\n    \ud83d\udd0a \u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\n  <\/button>\n\n  <audio preload=\"metadata\">\n    <source src=\"https:\/\/watbuddharangsi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/\u1780-\u2014-ka.mp3 \" type=\"audio\/mpeg\">\n  <\/audio>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<script>\nfunction togglePaliAudio(button) {\n  const audio = button.nextElementSibling;\n\n  if (audio.paused) {\n    audio.play();\n    button.innerHTML = \"\u23f8 \u1795\u17d2\u17a2\u17b6\u1780\";\n  } else {\n    audio.pause();\n    audio.currentTime = 0;\n    button.innerHTML = \"\ud83d\udd0a \u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\";\n  }\n\n  audio.onended = function() {\n    button.innerHTML = \"\ud83d\udd0a \u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\";\n  };\n}\n<\/script>\n\n<style>\n.pali-play {\n  font-family: \"Noto Sans Khmer\", sans-serif;\n  font-size: 16px;\n  font-weight: 600;\n  color: #333333;\n  background: #FFFDF8;\n  border: 1px solid #E7D8AE;\n  border-radius: 8px;\n  padding: 7px 14px;\n  cursor: pointer;\n  transition: 0.2s ease;\n}\n\n.pali-play:hover {\n  background: #F8EED3;\n  border-color: #D6A72C;\n}\n<\/style>\n\n\n\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3ac33e2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3ac33e2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u1780\u17b6 \u2014 k\u0101<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ac90bde elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ac90bde\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"pali-listen\">\n\n  <button class=\"pali-play\" type=\"button\" onclick=\"togglePaliAudio(this)\">\n    \ud83d\udd0a \u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\n  <\/button>\n\n  <audio preload=\"metadata\">\n    <source src=\"https:\/\/watbuddharangsi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/\u1780\u17b6-\u2014-ka.mp3 \" type=\"audio\/mpeg\">\n  <\/audio>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<script>\nfunction togglePaliAudio(button) {\n  const audio = button.nextElementSibling;\n\n  if (audio.paused) {\n    audio.play();\n    button.innerHTML = \"\u23f8 \u1795\u17d2\u17a2\u17b6\u1780\";\n  } else {\n    audio.pause();\n    audio.currentTime = 0;\n    button.innerHTML = \"\ud83d\udd0a \u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\";\n  }\n\n  audio.onended = function() {\n    button.innerHTML = \"\ud83d\udd0a \u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\";\n  };\n}\n<\/script>\n\n<style>\n.pali-play {\n  font-family: \"Noto Sans Khmer\", sans-serif;\n  font-size: 16px;\n  font-weight: 600;\n  color: #333333;\n  background: #FFFDF8;\n  border: 1px solid #E7D8AE;\n  border-radius: 8px;\n  padding: 7px 14px;\n  cursor: pointer;\n  transition: 0.2s ease;\n}\n\n.pali-play:hover {\n  background: #F8EED3;\n  border-color: #D6A72C;\n}\n<\/style>\n\n\n\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7f91797 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7f91797\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>i \/ \u012b<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-788cdc7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"788cdc7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u1780\u17b7 \u2014 ki<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dc90bbe elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"dc90bbe\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"pali-listen\">\n\n  <button class=\"pali-play\" type=\"button\" onclick=\"togglePaliAudio(this)\">\n    \ud83d\udd0a \u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\n  <\/button>\n\n  <audio preload=\"metadata\">\n    <source src=\"https:\/\/watbuddharangsi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/\u1780\u17b7-\u2014-ki.mp3 \" type=\"audio\/mpeg\">\n  <\/audio>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<script>\nfunction togglePaliAudio(button) {\n  const audio = button.nextElementSibling;\n\n  if (audio.paused) {\n    audio.play();\n    button.innerHTML = \"\u23f8 \u1795\u17d2\u17a2\u17b6\u1780\";\n  } else {\n    audio.pause();\n    audio.currentTime = 0;\n    button.innerHTML = \"\ud83d\udd0a \u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\";\n  }\n\n  audio.onended = function() {\n    button.innerHTML = \"\ud83d\udd0a \u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\";\n  };\n}\n<\/script>\n\n<style>\n.pali-play {\n  font-family: \"Noto Sans Khmer\", sans-serif;\n  font-size: 16px;\n  font-weight: 600;\n  color: #333333;\n  background: #FFFDF8;\n  border: 1px solid #E7D8AE;\n  border-radius: 8px;\n  padding: 7px 14px;\n  cursor: pointer;\n  transition: 0.2s ease;\n}\n\n.pali-play:hover {\n  background: #F8EED3;\n  border-color: #D6A72C;\n}\n<\/style>\n\n\n\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a31c810 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"a31c810\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u1780\u17b8 \u2014 k\u012b<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d7bfe9c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d7bfe9c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"pali-listen\">\n\n  <button class=\"pali-play\" type=\"button\" onclick=\"togglePaliAudio(this)\">\n    \ud83d\udd0a \u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\n  <\/button>\n\n  <audio preload=\"metadata\">\n    <source src=\"https:\/\/watbuddharangsi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/\u1780\u17b8-\u2014-ki.mp3 \" type=\"audio\/mpeg\">\n  <\/audio>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<script>\nfunction togglePaliAudio(button) {\n  const audio = button.nextElementSibling;\n\n  if (audio.paused) {\n    audio.play();\n    button.innerHTML = \"\u23f8 \u1795\u17d2\u17a2\u17b6\u1780\";\n  } else {\n    audio.pause();\n    audio.currentTime = 0;\n    button.innerHTML = \"\ud83d\udd0a \u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\";\n  }\n\n  audio.onended = function() {\n    button.innerHTML = \"\ud83d\udd0a \u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\";\n  };\n}\n<\/script>\n\n<style>\n.pali-play {\n  font-family: \"Noto Sans Khmer\", sans-serif;\n  font-size: 16px;\n  font-weight: 600;\n  color: #333333;\n  background: #FFFDF8;\n  border: 1px solid #E7D8AE;\n  border-radius: 8px;\n  padding: 7px 14px;\n  cursor: pointer;\n  transition: 0.2s ease;\n}\n\n.pali-play:hover {\n  background: #F8EED3;\n  border-color: #D6A72C;\n}\n<\/style>\n\n\n\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1a865f6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1a865f6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">k\u0101<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fa0e485 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"fa0e485\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>u \/ \u016b<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-118761b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"118761b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u1780\u17bb \u2014 ku<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5199e1a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5199e1a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"pali-listen\">\n\n  <button class=\"pali-play\" type=\"button\" onclick=\"togglePaliAudio(this)\">\n    \ud83d\udd0a \u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\n  <\/button>\n\n  <audio preload=\"metadata\">\n    <source src=\"https:\/\/watbuddharangsi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/\u1780\u17bb-\u2014-ku.mp3 \" type=\"audio\/mpeg\">\n  <\/audio>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<script>\nfunction togglePaliAudio(button) {\n  const audio = button.nextElementSibling;\n\n  if (audio.paused) {\n    audio.play();\n    button.innerHTML = \"\u23f8 \u1795\u17d2\u17a2\u17b6\u1780\";\n  } else {\n    audio.pause();\n    audio.currentTime = 0;\n    button.innerHTML = \"\ud83d\udd0a \u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\";\n  }\n\n  audio.onended = function() {\n    button.innerHTML = \"\ud83d\udd0a \u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\";\n  };\n}\n<\/script>\n\n<style>\n.pali-play {\n  font-family: \"Noto Sans Khmer\", sans-serif;\n  font-size: 16px;\n  font-weight: 600;\n  color: #333333;\n  background: #FFFDF8;\n  border: 1px solid #E7D8AE;\n  border-radius: 8px;\n  padding: 7px 14px;\n  cursor: pointer;\n  transition: 0.2s ease;\n}\n\n.pali-play:hover {\n  background: #F8EED3;\n  border-color: #D6A72C;\n}\n<\/style>\n\n\n\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2a9c52a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2a9c52a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u1780\u17bc \u2014 k\u016b<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-894bfb8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"894bfb8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"pali-listen\">\n\n  <button class=\"pali-play\" type=\"button\" onclick=\"togglePaliAudio(this)\">\n    \ud83d\udd0a \u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\n  <\/button>\n\n  <audio preload=\"metadata\">\n    <source src=\"https:\/\/watbuddharangsi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/\u1780\u17bc-\u2014-ku.mp3 \" type=\"audio\/mpeg\">\n  <\/audio>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<script>\nfunction togglePaliAudio(button) {\n  const audio = button.nextElementSibling;\n\n  if (audio.paused) {\n    audio.play();\n    button.innerHTML = \"\u23f8 \u1795\u17d2\u17a2\u17b6\u1780\";\n  } else {\n    audio.pause();\n    audio.currentTime = 0;\n    button.innerHTML = \"\ud83d\udd0a \u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\";\n  }\n\n  audio.onended = function() {\n    button.innerHTML = \"\ud83d\udd0a \u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\";\n  };\n}\n<\/script>\n\n<style>\n.pali-play {\n  font-family: \"Noto Sans Khmer\", sans-serif;\n  font-size: 16px;\n  font-weight: 600;\n  color: #333333;\n  background: #FFFDF8;\n  border: 1px solid #E7D8AE;\n  border-radius: 8px;\n  padding: 7px 14px;\n  cursor: pointer;\n  transition: 0.2s ease;\n}\n\n.pali-play:hover {\n  background: #F8EED3;\n  border-color: #D6A72C;\n}\n<\/style>\n\n\n\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-179806b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"179806b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u179f\u17bc\u1798\u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u179f\u17c6\u17a1\u17c1\u1784\u1793\u17b8\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u17d7 \u17a0\u17be\u1799\u17a0\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u17a2\u17b6\u1793\u178f\u17b6\u1798 \u178a\u17be\u1798\u17d2\u1794\u17b8\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u1782\u17b6\u179b\u17cb\u1797\u17b6\u1796\u1781\u17bb\u179f\u1782\u17d2\u1793\u17b6\u179a\u179c\u17b6\u1784\u179f\u17d2\u179a\u17c8\u1781\u17d2\u179b\u17b8 \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u179f\u17d2\u179a\u17c8\u179c\u17c2\u1784\u17d4<\/p><p>Listen carefully to each sound and practise reading along to recognise the difference between short and long vowels.<\/p><p><strong>\u17af (e)<\/strong> \u1793\u17b7\u1784 <strong>\u17b1 (o)<\/strong> \u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u179c\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u179a\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1787\u17b6\u179f\u17d2\u179a\u17c8\u179c\u17c2\u1784\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u1796\u17d0\u1793\u17d2\u1792\u179f\u17d2\u179a\u17c8\u1794\u17b6\u179b\u17b8\u1793\u17c1\u17c7\u17d4<\/p><p>e and o are treated as long vowels in this P\u0101li vowel system.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-69cccf7 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"69cccf7\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f3740a7 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"f3740a7\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d6902af elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"d6902af\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u17e5. \u17a0\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u1795\u17d2\u179f\u17c6\u179f\u17d2\u179a\u17c8\u1787\u17b6\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u1796\u17d2\u1799\u1789\u17d2\u1787\u1793\u17c8<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-aa012f4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"aa012f4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Practise Combining Vowels and Consonants<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4ccbc2c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4ccbc2c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u17a5\u17a1\u17bc\u179c\u1793\u17c1\u17c7 \u1799\u17be\u1784\u179f\u17b6\u1780\u179b\u17d2\u1794\u1784\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u17be\u1796\u17d2\u1799\u1789\u17d2\u1787\u1793\u17c8\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u1791\u17c0\u178f\u1782\u17ba <strong>\u1798 (m)<\/strong> \u17a0\u17be\u1799\u1795\u17d2\u179f\u17c6\u1787\u17b6\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u179f\u17d2\u179a\u17c8\u1795\u17d2\u179f\u17c1\u1784\u17d7\u17d4<\/p><p>Now let us practise with another consonant, \u1798 (m), and combine it with different vowels.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5f27d85 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"5f27d85\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u1798 = ma<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d148082 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d148082\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"pali-listen\">\n\n  <button class=\"pali-play\" type=\"button\" onclick=\"togglePaliAudio(this)\">\n    \ud83d\udd0a \u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\n  <\/button>\n\n  <audio preload=\"metadata\">\n    <source src=\"https:\/\/watbuddharangsi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/\u1798-ma.mp3 \" type=\"audio\/mpeg\">\n  <\/audio>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<script>\nfunction togglePaliAudio(button) {\n  const audio = button.nextElementSibling;\n\n  if (audio.paused) {\n    audio.play();\n    button.innerHTML = \"\u23f8 \u1795\u17d2\u17a2\u17b6\u1780\";\n  } else {\n    audio.pause();\n    audio.currentTime = 0;\n    button.innerHTML = \"\ud83d\udd0a \u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\";\n  }\n\n  audio.onended = function() {\n    button.innerHTML = \"\ud83d\udd0a \u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\";\n  };\n}\n<\/script>\n\n<style>\n.pali-play {\n  font-family: \"Noto Sans Khmer\", sans-serif;\n  font-size: 16px;\n  font-weight: 600;\n  color: #333333;\n  background: #FFFDF8;\n  border: 1px solid #E7D8AE;\n  border-radius: 8px;\n  padding: 7px 14px;\n  cursor: pointer;\n  transition: 0.2s ease;\n}\n\n.pali-play:hover {\n  background: #F8EED3;\n  border-color: #D6A72C;\n}\n<\/style>\n\n\n\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-09f1e8a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"09f1e8a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u1798 + \u17b6 = \u1798\u17b6<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1344f95 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1344f95\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>m\u0101<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4db7d2e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4db7d2e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"pali-listen\">\n\n  <button class=\"pali-play\" type=\"button\" onclick=\"togglePaliAudio(this)\">\n    \ud83d\udd0a \u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\n  <\/button>\n\n  <audio preload=\"metadata\">\n    <source src=\"https:\/\/watbuddharangsi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/\u1798-\u1798\u17b6.mp3 \" type=\"audio\/mpeg\">\n  <\/audio>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<script>\nfunction togglePaliAudio(button) {\n  const audio = button.nextElementSibling;\n\n  if (audio.paused) {\n    audio.play();\n    button.innerHTML = \"\u23f8 \u1795\u17d2\u17a2\u17b6\u1780\";\n  } else {\n    audio.pause();\n    audio.currentTime = 0;\n    button.innerHTML = \"\ud83d\udd0a \u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\";\n  }\n\n  audio.onended = function() {\n    button.innerHTML = \"\ud83d\udd0a \u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\";\n  };\n}\n<\/script>\n\n<style>\n.pali-play {\n  font-family: \"Noto Sans Khmer\", sans-serif;\n  font-size: 16px;\n  font-weight: 600;\n  color: #333333;\n  background: #FFFDF8;\n  border: 1px solid #E7D8AE;\n  border-radius: 8px;\n  padding: 7px 14px;\n  cursor: pointer;\n  transition: 0.2s ease;\n}\n\n.pali-play:hover {\n  background: #F8EED3;\n  border-color: #D6A72C;\n}\n<\/style>\n\n\n\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a95f445 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"a95f445\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u1798 + \u17b7 = \u1798\u17b7<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8d320ed elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8d320ed\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>mi<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-87c2cc3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"87c2cc3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"pali-listen\">\n\n  <button class=\"pali-play\" type=\"button\" onclick=\"togglePaliAudio(this)\">\n    \ud83d\udd0a \u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\n  <\/button>\n\n  <audio preload=\"metadata\">\n    <source src=\"https:\/\/watbuddharangsi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/\u1798-\u1798\u17b7.mp3 \" type=\"audio\/mpeg\">\n  <\/audio>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<script>\nfunction togglePaliAudio(button) {\n  const audio = button.nextElementSibling;\n\n  if (audio.paused) {\n    audio.play();\n    button.innerHTML = \"\u23f8 \u1795\u17d2\u17a2\u17b6\u1780\";\n  } else {\n    audio.pause();\n    audio.currentTime = 0;\n    button.innerHTML = \"\ud83d\udd0a \u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\";\n  }\n\n  audio.onended = function() {\n    button.innerHTML = \"\ud83d\udd0a \u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\";\n  };\n}\n<\/script>\n\n<style>\n.pali-play {\n  font-family: \"Noto Sans Khmer\", sans-serif;\n  font-size: 16px;\n  font-weight: 600;\n  color: #333333;\n  background: #FFFDF8;\n  border: 1px solid #E7D8AE;\n  border-radius: 8px;\n  padding: 7px 14px;\n  cursor: pointer;\n  transition: 0.2s ease;\n}\n\n.pali-play:hover {\n  background: #F8EED3;\n  border-color: #D6A72C;\n}\n<\/style>\n\n\n\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8fecab5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8fecab5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u1798 + \u17b8 = \u1798\u17b8<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d2c7d2a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d2c7d2a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>mi<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2a0beba elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2a0beba\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"pali-listen\">\n\n  <button class=\"pali-play\" type=\"button\" onclick=\"togglePaliAudio(this)\">\n    \ud83d\udd0a \u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\n  <\/button>\n\n  <audio preload=\"metadata\">\n    <source src=\"https:\/\/watbuddharangsi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/\u1798-\u1798\u17b8.mp3 \" type=\"audio\/mpeg\">\n  <\/audio>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<script>\nfunction togglePaliAudio(button) {\n  const audio = button.nextElementSibling;\n\n  if (audio.paused) {\n    audio.play();\n    button.innerHTML = \"\u23f8 \u1795\u17d2\u17a2\u17b6\u1780\";\n  } else {\n    audio.pause();\n    audio.currentTime = 0;\n    button.innerHTML = \"\ud83d\udd0a \u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\";\n  }\n\n  audio.onended = function() {\n    button.innerHTML = \"\ud83d\udd0a \u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\";\n  };\n}\n<\/script>\n\n<style>\n.pali-play {\n  font-family: \"Noto Sans Khmer\", sans-serif;\n  font-size: 16px;\n  font-weight: 600;\n  color: #333333;\n  background: #FFFDF8;\n  border: 1px solid #E7D8AE;\n  border-radius: 8px;\n  padding: 7px 14px;\n  cursor: pointer;\n  transition: 0.2s ease;\n}\n\n.pali-play:hover {\n  background: #F8EED3;\n  border-color: #D6A72C;\n}\n<\/style>\n\n\n\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-22f4537 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"22f4537\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u1798 + \u17bb = \u1798\u17bb<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2cd1318 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2cd1318\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>mu<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1472c1b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1472c1b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"pali-listen\">\n\n  <button class=\"pali-play\" type=\"button\" onclick=\"togglePaliAudio(this)\">\n    \ud83d\udd0a \u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\n  <\/button>\n\n  <audio preload=\"metadata\">\n    <source src=\"https:\/\/watbuddharangsi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/\u1798-\u1798\u17bb.mp3 \" type=\"audio\/mpeg\">\n  <\/audio>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<script>\nfunction togglePaliAudio(button) {\n  const audio = button.nextElementSibling;\n\n  if (audio.paused) {\n    audio.play();\n    button.innerHTML = \"\u23f8 \u1795\u17d2\u17a2\u17b6\u1780\";\n  } else {\n    audio.pause();\n    audio.currentTime = 0;\n    button.innerHTML = \"\ud83d\udd0a \u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\";\n  }\n\n  audio.onended = function() {\n    button.innerHTML = \"\ud83d\udd0a \u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\";\n  };\n}\n<\/script>\n\n<style>\n.pali-play {\n  font-family: \"Noto Sans Khmer\", sans-serif;\n  font-size: 16px;\n  font-weight: 600;\n  color: #333333;\n  background: #FFFDF8;\n  border: 1px solid #E7D8AE;\n  border-radius: 8px;\n  padding: 7px 14px;\n  cursor: pointer;\n  transition: 0.2s ease;\n}\n\n.pali-play:hover {\n  background: #F8EED3;\n  border-color: #D6A72C;\n}\n<\/style>\n\n\n\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-91d1c00 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"91d1c00\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u1798 + \u17bc = \u1798\u17bc<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0a9759b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0a9759b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>m\u016b<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d5bec41 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d5bec41\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"pali-listen\">\n\n  <button class=\"pali-play\" type=\"button\" onclick=\"togglePaliAudio(this)\">\n    \ud83d\udd0a \u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\n  <\/button>\n\n  <audio preload=\"metadata\">\n    <source src=\"https:\/\/watbuddharangsi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/\u1798-\u1798\u17bc.mp3 \" type=\"audio\/mpeg\">\n  <\/audio>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<script>\nfunction togglePaliAudio(button) {\n  const audio = button.nextElementSibling;\n\n  if (audio.paused) {\n    audio.play();\n    button.innerHTML = \"\u23f8 \u1795\u17d2\u17a2\u17b6\u1780\";\n  } else {\n    audio.pause();\n    audio.currentTime = 0;\n    button.innerHTML = \"\ud83d\udd0a \u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\";\n  }\n\n  audio.onended = function() {\n    button.innerHTML = \"\ud83d\udd0a \u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\";\n  };\n}\n<\/script>\n\n<style>\n.pali-play {\n  font-family: \"Noto Sans Khmer\", sans-serif;\n  font-size: 16px;\n  font-weight: 600;\n  color: #333333;\n  background: #FFFDF8;\n  border: 1px solid #E7D8AE;\n  border-radius: 8px;\n  padding: 7px 14px;\n  cursor: pointer;\n  transition: 0.2s ease;\n}\n\n.pali-play:hover {\n  background: #F8EED3;\n  border-color: #D6A72C;\n}\n<\/style>\n\n\n\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-af74be4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"af74be4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u1798 + \u17c1 = \u1798\u17c1<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a297699 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a297699\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>me<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-31bf8bf elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"31bf8bf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"pali-listen\">\n\n  <button class=\"pali-play\" type=\"button\" onclick=\"togglePaliAudio(this)\">\n    \ud83d\udd0a \u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\n  <\/button>\n\n  <audio preload=\"metadata\">\n    <source src=\"https:\/\/watbuddharangsi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/\u1798-\u1798\u17c1.mp3 \" type=\"audio\/mpeg\">\n  <\/audio>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<script>\nfunction togglePaliAudio(button) {\n  const audio = button.nextElementSibling;\n\n  if (audio.paused) {\n    audio.play();\n    button.innerHTML = \"\u23f8 \u1795\u17d2\u17a2\u17b6\u1780\";\n  } else {\n    audio.pause();\n    audio.currentTime = 0;\n    button.innerHTML = \"\ud83d\udd0a \u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\";\n  }\n\n  audio.onended = function() {\n    button.innerHTML = \"\ud83d\udd0a \u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\";\n  };\n}\n<\/script>\n\n<style>\n.pali-play {\n  font-family: \"Noto Sans Khmer\", sans-serif;\n  font-size: 16px;\n  font-weight: 600;\n  color: #333333;\n  background: #FFFDF8;\n  border: 1px solid #E7D8AE;\n  border-radius: 8px;\n  padding: 7px 14px;\n  cursor: pointer;\n  transition: 0.2s ease;\n}\n\n.pali-play:hover {\n  background: #F8EED3;\n  border-color: #D6A72C;\n}\n<\/style>\n\n\n\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3faf190 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3faf190\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u1798 + \u17c4 = \u1798\u17c4<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-058a6af elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"058a6af\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>mo<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3fde39f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3fde39f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"pali-listen\">\n\n  <button class=\"pali-play\" type=\"button\" onclick=\"togglePaliAudio(this)\">\n    \ud83d\udd0a \u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\n  <\/button>\n\n  <audio preload=\"metadata\">\n    <source src=\"https:\/\/watbuddharangsi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/\u1798-\u1798\u17c4.mp3 \" type=\"audio\/mpeg\">\n  <\/audio>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<script>\nfunction togglePaliAudio(button) {\n  const audio = button.nextElementSibling;\n\n  if (audio.paused) {\n    audio.play();\n    button.innerHTML = \"\u23f8 \u1795\u17d2\u17a2\u17b6\u1780\";\n  } else {\n    audio.pause();\n    audio.currentTime = 0;\n    button.innerHTML = \"\ud83d\udd0a \u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\";\n  }\n\n  audio.onended = function() {\n    button.innerHTML = \"\ud83d\udd0a \u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\";\n  };\n}\n<\/script>\n\n<style>\n.pali-play {\n  font-family: \"Noto Sans Khmer\", sans-serif;\n  font-size: 16px;\n  font-weight: 600;\n  color: #333333;\n  background: #FFFDF8;\n  border: 1px solid #E7D8AE;\n  border-radius: 8px;\n  padding: 7px 14px;\n  cursor: pointer;\n  transition: 0.2s ease;\n}\n\n.pali-play:hover {\n  background: #F8EED3;\n  border-color: #D6A72C;\n}\n<\/style>\n\n\n\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4318078 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4318078\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>\u1793\u17c5\u1796\u17c1\u179b\u1799\u17be\u1784\u1799\u179b\u17cb\u1796\u17b8\u179a\u1794\u17c0\u1794\u1795\u17d2\u179f\u17c6\u1793\u17c1\u17c7 \u1799\u17be\u1784\u1798\u17b7\u1793\u1785\u17b6\u17c6\u1794\u17b6\u1785\u17cb\u1791\u1793\u17d2\u1791\u17c1\u1789\u1785\u17b6\u17c6\u1782\u17d2\u179a\u1794\u17cb\u1796\u17d2\u1799\u17b6\u1784\u17d2\u1782\u1793\u17b8\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u17d7\u1791\u17c1\u17d4 \u1799\u17be\u1784\u17a2\u17b6\u1785\u1798\u17be\u179b\u179f\u1789\u17d2\u1789\u17b6\u179f\u17d2\u179a\u17c8 \u17a0\u17be\u1799\u178a\u17b9\u1784\u1796\u17b8\u179a\u1794\u17c0\u1794\u17a2\u17b6\u1793\u179c\u17b6\u1787\u17b6\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u1796\u17d2\u1799\u1789\u17d2\u1787\u1793\u17c8\u17d4<\/strong><\/p><p>Once we understand this pattern, we don&#8217;t need to memorise every combination separately. We begin recognising what the vowel sign does to the consonant.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1ea7149 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"1ea7149\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-11fbdd3 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"11fbdd3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7ef6721 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"7ef6721\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u17e6. \u1785\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1795\u17d2\u178a\u17be\u1798\u17a2\u17b6\u1793\u1796\u17b6\u1780\u17d2\u1799\u1794\u17b6\u179b\u17b8<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d37ed94 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"d37ed94\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Beginning to Read P\u0101li Words<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5d0caf1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5d0caf1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u17a5\u17a1\u17bc\u179c\u1793\u17c1\u17c7 \u1799\u17be\u1784\u17a2\u17b6\u1785\u1799\u1780\u17a2\u17d2\u179c\u17b8\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u179a\u17c0\u1793\u1798\u1780\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u17be \u178a\u17be\u1798\u17d2\u1794\u17b8\u17a2\u17b6\u1793\u1796\u17b6\u1780\u17d2\u1799\u1794\u17b6\u179b\u17b8\u178a\u17c6\u1794\u17bc\u1784\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb\u1799\u17be\u1784\u17d4<\/p><p>Now we can use what we have learned to begin reading a P\u0101li word.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a684190 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"a684190\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u1793\u1798\u17c4 \u2014 Namo<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1aee5d6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1aee5d6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u178a\u17c6\u1794\u17bc\u1784 \u1799\u17be\u1784\u1794\u17c6\u1794\u17c2\u1780\u1796\u17b6\u1780\u17d2\u1799\u1793\u17c1\u17c7\u1787\u17b6\u1796\u17b8\u179a\u1796\u17d2\u1799\u17b6\u1784\u17d2\u1782\u17d6<\/p><p><strong>First, we divide the word into two syllables:<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-56b4b55 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"56b4b55\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u1793 = na<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7f1b687 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7f1b687\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u1793 \u1794\u1789\u17d2\u1785\u17c1\u1789\u179f\u17c6\u17a1\u17c1\u1784 <strong>na<\/strong>\u17d4<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b378631 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"b378631\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u1798 + \u17c4 = \u1798\u17c4<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6571781 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6571781\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>mo<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-71dccbb elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"71dccbb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u179f\u1789\u17d2\u1789\u17b6\u179f\u17d2\u179a\u17c8 <strong>\u17c4 (o)<\/strong> \u1795\u17d2\u179f\u17c6\u1787\u17b6\u1798\u17bd\u1799 <strong>\u1798 (m)<\/strong> \u1794\u1784\u17d2\u1780\u17be\u178f\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1787\u17b6 <strong>\u1798\u17c4 (mo)<\/strong>\u17d4<\/p><p>\u178a\u17bc\u1785\u17d2\u1793\u17c1\u17c7\u17d6<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b172e04 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"b172e04\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u1793 + \u1798\u17c4 = \u1793\u1798\u17c4<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5bbafd1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5bbafd1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>na + mo = namo<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bcbb043 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"bcbb043\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u1793\u1798\u17c4 \u2014 \u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1782\u17c4\u179a\u1796 \/ \u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1793\u1798\u179f\u17d2\u1780\u17b6\u179a<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6ad1a2d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6ad1a2d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Homage \/ reverence<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fc69c8e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"fc69c8e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u17a5\u17a1\u17bc\u179c\u1793\u17c1\u17c7 \u1799\u17be\u1784\u1798\u17b7\u1793\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17b9\u1798\u178f\u17c2\u1785\u17b6\u17c6\u1790\u17b6 <strong>\u1793\u1798\u17c4 = namo<\/strong> \u1791\u17c1 \u1794\u17c9\u17bb\u1793\u17d2\u178f\u17c2\u1799\u17be\u1784\u1780\u17cf\u1785\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1795\u17d2\u178a\u17be\u1798\u1799\u179b\u17cb\u1796\u17b8\u179a\u1794\u17c0\u1794\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1796\u17b6\u1780\u17d2\u1799\u1793\u17c1\u17c7\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u179c\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1794\u1784\u17d2\u1780\u17be\u178f \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u17a2\u17b6\u1793\u1795\u1784\u178a\u17c2\u179a\u17d4<\/p><p>Now we are not simply memorising that \u1793\u1798\u17c4 means \u201cnamo.\u201d We are beginning to understand how the word is formed and how to read it.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ce0f3e6 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"ce0f3e6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-57219c8 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"57219c8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-380f95a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"380f95a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u17e7. \u17a0\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u17a2\u17b6\u1793\u178a\u17c4\u1799\u1781\u17d2\u179b\u17bd\u1793\u17af\u1784<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-898feca elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"898feca\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Reading Practice<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-69f0415 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"69f0415\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u179f\u17bc\u1798\u179f\u17b6\u1780\u179b\u17d2\u1794\u1784\u17a2\u17b6\u1793\u1796\u17d2\u1799\u17b6\u1784\u17d2\u1782\u1781\u17b6\u1784\u1780\u17d2\u179a\u17c4\u1798\u178a\u17c4\u1799\u1781\u17d2\u179b\u17bd\u1793\u17af\u1784\u179f\u17b7\u1793 \u1798\u17bb\u1793\u1796\u17c1\u179b\u1785\u17bb\u1785 \ud83d\udd0a <strong>\u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u1794\u17cb<\/strong>\u17d4<\/p><p>Try reading each syllable yourself before selecting<strong> \ud83d\udd0a<\/strong> Listen.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-35b5be0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"35b5be0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u1780\u17b6<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9927cc9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9927cc9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"pali-listen\">\n\n  <button class=\"pali-play\" type=\"button\" onclick=\"togglePaliAudio(this)\">\n    \ud83d\udd0a \u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\n  <\/button>\n\n  <audio preload=\"metadata\">\n    <source src=\"https:\/\/watbuddharangsi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/\u1780\u17b6-\u2014-ka.mp3 \" type=\"audio\/mpeg\">\n  <\/audio>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<script>\nfunction togglePaliAudio(button) {\n  const audio = button.nextElementSibling;\n\n  if (audio.paused) {\n    audio.play();\n    button.innerHTML = \"\u23f8 \u1795\u17d2\u17a2\u17b6\u1780\";\n  } else {\n    audio.pause();\n    audio.currentTime = 0;\n    button.innerHTML = \"\ud83d\udd0a \u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\";\n  }\n\n  audio.onended = function() {\n    button.innerHTML = \"\ud83d\udd0a \u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\";\n  };\n}\n<\/script>\n\n<style>\n.pali-play {\n  font-family: \"Noto Sans Khmer\", sans-serif;\n  font-size: 16px;\n  font-weight: 600;\n  color: #333333;\n  background: #FFFDF8;\n  border: 1px solid #E7D8AE;\n  border-radius: 8px;\n  padding: 7px 14px;\n  cursor: pointer;\n  transition: 0.2s ease;\n}\n\n.pali-play:hover {\n  background: #F8EED3;\n  border-color: #D6A72C;\n}\n<\/style>\n\n\n\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5aba323 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"5aba323\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u1780\u17b7<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f4dbf64 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f4dbf64\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"pali-listen\">\n\n  <button class=\"pali-play\" type=\"button\" onclick=\"togglePaliAudio(this)\">\n    \ud83d\udd0a \u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\n  <\/button>\n\n  <audio preload=\"metadata\">\n    <source src=\"https:\/\/watbuddharangsi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/\u1780\u17b7-\u2014-ki.mp3 \" type=\"audio\/mpeg\">\n  <\/audio>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<script>\nfunction togglePaliAudio(button) {\n  const audio = button.nextElementSibling;\n\n  if (audio.paused) {\n    audio.play();\n    button.innerHTML = \"\u23f8 \u1795\u17d2\u17a2\u17b6\u1780\";\n  } else {\n    audio.pause();\n    audio.currentTime = 0;\n    button.innerHTML = \"\ud83d\udd0a \u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\";\n  }\n\n  audio.onended = function() {\n    button.innerHTML = \"\ud83d\udd0a \u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\";\n  };\n}\n<\/script>\n\n<style>\n.pali-play {\n  font-family: \"Noto Sans Khmer\", sans-serif;\n  font-size: 16px;\n  font-weight: 600;\n  color: #333333;\n  background: #FFFDF8;\n  border: 1px solid #E7D8AE;\n  border-radius: 8px;\n  padding: 7px 14px;\n  cursor: pointer;\n  transition: 0.2s ease;\n}\n\n.pali-play:hover {\n  background: #F8EED3;\n  border-color: #D6A72C;\n}\n<\/style>\n\n\n\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-10c378b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"10c378b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u1780\u17bb<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a76167b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a76167b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"pali-listen\">\n\n  <button class=\"pali-play\" type=\"button\" onclick=\"togglePaliAudio(this)\">\n    \ud83d\udd0a \u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\n  <\/button>\n\n  <audio preload=\"metadata\">\n    <source src=\"https:\/\/watbuddharangsi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/\u1780\u17bb-\u2014-ku.mp3 \" type=\"audio\/mpeg\">\n  <\/audio>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<script>\nfunction togglePaliAudio(button) {\n  const audio = button.nextElementSibling;\n\n  if (audio.paused) {\n    audio.play();\n    button.innerHTML = \"\u23f8 \u1795\u17d2\u17a2\u17b6\u1780\";\n  } else {\n    audio.pause();\n    audio.currentTime = 0;\n    button.innerHTML = \"\ud83d\udd0a \u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\";\n  }\n\n  audio.onended = function() {\n    button.innerHTML = \"\ud83d\udd0a \u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\";\n  };\n}\n<\/script>\n\n<style>\n.pali-play {\n  font-family: \"Noto Sans Khmer\", sans-serif;\n  font-size: 16px;\n  font-weight: 600;\n  color: #333333;\n  background: #FFFDF8;\n  border: 1px solid #E7D8AE;\n  border-radius: 8px;\n  padding: 7px 14px;\n  cursor: pointer;\n  transition: 0.2s ease;\n}\n\n.pali-play:hover {\n  background: #F8EED3;\n  border-color: #D6A72C;\n}\n<\/style>\n\n\n\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-421fd4f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"421fd4f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u1780\u17c1<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-767bab0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"767bab0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"pali-listen\">\n\n  <button class=\"pali-play\" type=\"button\" onclick=\"togglePaliAudio(this)\">\n    \ud83d\udd0a \u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\n  <\/button>\n\n  <audio preload=\"metadata\">\n    <source src=\"https:\/\/watbuddharangsi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/\u1780\u17c1.mp3 \" type=\"audio\/mpeg\">\n  <\/audio>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<script>\nfunction togglePaliAudio(button) {\n  const audio = button.nextElementSibling;\n\n  if (audio.paused) {\n    audio.play();\n    button.innerHTML = \"\u23f8 \u1795\u17d2\u17a2\u17b6\u1780\";\n  } else {\n    audio.pause();\n    audio.currentTime = 0;\n    button.innerHTML = \"\ud83d\udd0a \u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\";\n  }\n\n  audio.onended = function() {\n    button.innerHTML = \"\ud83d\udd0a \u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\";\n  };\n}\n<\/script>\n\n<style>\n.pali-play {\n  font-family: \"Noto Sans Khmer\", sans-serif;\n  font-size: 16px;\n  font-weight: 600;\n  color: #333333;\n  background: #FFFDF8;\n  border: 1px solid #E7D8AE;\n  border-radius: 8px;\n  padding: 7px 14px;\n  cursor: pointer;\n  transition: 0.2s ease;\n}\n\n.pali-play:hover {\n  background: #F8EED3;\n  border-color: #D6A72C;\n}\n<\/style>\n\n\n\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8adbbb3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8adbbb3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u1780\u17c4<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ae6f8dc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ae6f8dc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"pali-listen\">\n\n  <button class=\"pali-play\" type=\"button\" onclick=\"togglePaliAudio(this)\">\n    \ud83d\udd0a \u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\n  <\/button>\n\n  <audio preload=\"metadata\">\n    <source src=\"https:\/\/watbuddharangsi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/\u1780\u17c4.mp3 \" type=\"audio\/mpeg\">\n  <\/audio>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<script>\nfunction togglePaliAudio(button) {\n  const audio = button.nextElementSibling;\n\n  if (audio.paused) {\n    audio.play();\n    button.innerHTML = \"\u23f8 \u1795\u17d2\u17a2\u17b6\u1780\";\n  } else {\n    audio.pause();\n    audio.currentTime = 0;\n    button.innerHTML = \"\ud83d\udd0a \u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\";\n  }\n\n  audio.onended = function() {\n    button.innerHTML = \"\ud83d\udd0a \u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\";\n  };\n}\n<\/script>\n\n<style>\n.pali-play {\n  font-family: \"Noto Sans Khmer\", sans-serif;\n  font-size: 16px;\n  font-weight: 600;\n  color: #333333;\n  background: #FFFDF8;\n  border: 1px solid #E7D8AE;\n  border-radius: 8px;\n  padding: 7px 14px;\n  cursor: pointer;\n  transition: 0.2s ease;\n}\n\n.pali-play:hover {\n  background: #F8EED3;\n  border-color: #D6A72C;\n}\n<\/style>\n\n\n\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7a99df3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7a99df3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>\u179f\u17bc\u1798\u17a2\u17b6\u1793\u178a\u17c4\u1799\u1781\u17d2\u179b\u17bd\u1793\u17af\u1784\u179f\u17b7\u1793 \u179a\u17bd\u1785\u1794\u17be\u1780\u1798\u17be\u179b\u1785\u1798\u17d2\u179b\u17be\u1799 \u178a\u17be\u1798\u17d2\u1794\u17b8\u1795\u17d2\u1791\u17c0\u1784\u1795\u17d2\u1791\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u17a2\u17b6\u1793\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb\u17a2\u17d2\u1793\u1780\u17d4<\/strong><\/p><p>Try reading them yourself first, then reveal the answers to check your reading.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f0975dc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f0975dc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>\u1785\u1798\u17d2\u179b\u17be\u1799 \u2014 Answers<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>\u1780\u17b6 \u2014 k\u0101<\/strong><br \/><strong>\u1780\u17b7 \u2014 ki<\/strong><br \/><strong>\u1780\u17bb \u2014 ku<\/strong><br \/><strong>\u1780\u17c1 \u2014 ke<\/strong><br \/><strong>\u1780\u17c4 \u2014 ko<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-34973a6 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"34973a6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-32fd152 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"32fd152\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-441a7a5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"441a7a5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u17e8. \u1796\u17b6\u1780\u17d2\u1799\u1794\u17b6\u179b\u17b8<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-863bdbb elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"863bdbb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Your Next P\u0101li Words<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2cc04d2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2cc04d2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u1793\u17c5\u1796\u17c1\u179b\u1799\u17be\u1784\u1785\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1795\u17d2\u178a\u17be\u1798\u17a2\u17b6\u1793\u1796\u17b6\u1780\u17d2\u1799\u1794\u17b6\u179b\u17b8\u1780\u17b6\u1793\u17cb\u178f\u17c2\u1785\u17d2\u179a\u17be\u1793 \u1799\u17be\u1784\u1793\u17b9\u1784\u1783\u17be\u1789\u1791\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u1784\u17cb\u1790\u17d2\u1798\u17b8\u17d7 \u178a\u17bc\u1785\u1787\u17b6\u1796\u17d2\u1799\u1789\u17d2\u1787\u1793\u17c8\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1795\u17d2\u179f\u17c6\u1782\u17d2\u1793\u17b6 \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u1796\u17d2\u1799\u1789\u17d2\u1787\u1793\u17c8\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1798\u17b6\u1793\u179f\u17c6\u17a1\u17c1\u1784\u1791\u17d2\u179c\u17c1\u17d4<\/p><p>As we begin reading more P\u0101li words, we will encounter new patterns, including consonants that occur together and doubled consonant sounds.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1b16b1c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1b16b1c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>\u17a7\u1791\u17b6\u17a0\u179a\u178e\u17cd\u17d6<\/strong><br \/><strong>For example:<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9bae221 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"9bae221\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u178f\u179f\u17d2\u179f \u2014 tassa<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ee4138a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ee4138a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u1797\u1782\u179c\u178f\u17c4 \u2014 bhagavato<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-613f877 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"613f877\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u17a2\u179a\u17a0\u178f\u17c4 \u2014 arahato<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7871998 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"7871998\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u1798\u17b6\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u1796\u17bb\u1791\u17d2\u1792\u179f\u17d2\u179f \u2014 samm\u0101sambuddhassa<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9cd4d2c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9cd4d2c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u1799\u17be\u1784\u1793\u17b9\u1784\u179a\u17c0\u1793\u1796\u17b8\u179a\u1794\u17c0\u1794\u17a2\u17b6\u1793\u1791\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u1784\u17cb\u1791\u17b6\u17c6\u1784\u1793\u17c1\u17c7\u1787\u17b6\u1794\u1793\u17d2\u178f\u1794\u1793\u17d2\u1791\u17b6\u1794\u17cb \u178a\u17c4\u1799\u1798\u17b7\u1793\u1785\u17b6\u17c6\u1794\u17b6\u1785\u17cb\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u1789\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u179a\u17c0\u1793\u1791\u17b6\u17c6\u1784\u17a2\u179f\u17cb\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u1796\u17c1\u179b\u178f\u17c2\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u17d4<\/p><p>We will learn how to read these patterns gradually, without needing to learn everything at once.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6022e0e e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"6022e0e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-93fd242 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"93fd242\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8923778 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8923778\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u17e9. \u1794\u1793\u17d2\u178f\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u179f\u17b7\u1780\u17d2\u179f\u17b6<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-03391a3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"03391a3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Continue Learning<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b0c8576 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b0c8576\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u17a5\u17a1\u17bc\u179c\u1793\u17c1\u17c7 \u17a2\u17d2\u1793\u1780\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u179a\u17c0\u1793\u1796\u17b8\u179a\u1794\u17c0\u1794\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u179f\u17d2\u179a\u17c8\u1795\u17d2\u179f\u17c6\u1787\u17b6\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u1796\u17d2\u1799\u1789\u17d2\u1787\u1793\u17c8 \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u179a\u1794\u17c0\u1794\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u179c\u17b6\u1794\u1784\u17d2\u1780\u17be\u178f\u1787\u17b6\u1796\u17d2\u1799\u17b6\u1784\u17d2\u1782 \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u1796\u17b6\u1780\u17d2\u1799\u1794\u17b6\u179b\u17b8\u179f\u17b6\u1798\u1789\u17d2\u1789\u17d4<\/p><p>\u1793\u17c5\u1798\u17c1\u179a\u17c0\u1793\u1794\u1793\u17d2\u1791\u17b6\u1794\u17cb \u1799\u17be\u1784\u1793\u17b9\u1784\u179f\u17d2\u179c\u17c2\u1784\u1799\u179b\u17cb\u1796\u17b8\u1780\u17d2\u179a\u17bb\u1798\u1796\u17d2\u1799\u1789\u17d2\u1787\u1793\u17c8\u1794\u17b6\u179b\u17b8 \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u1780\u1793\u17d2\u179b\u17c2\u1784\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u179f\u17c6\u17a1\u17c1\u1784\u1793\u17b8\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u17d7\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u179c\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1794\u1789\u17d2\u1785\u17c1\u1789\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u1798\u17b6\u178f\u17cb \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u1794\u17c6\u1796\u1784\u17cb\u1780\u17d4<\/p><p>Now that you understand how vowels combine with consonants, the next lesson will explain how P\u0101li consonants are organised and where the different sounds are produced in the mouth and throat.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-55badaa elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"55badaa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u1798\u17c1\u179a\u17c0\u1793\u1794\u1793\u17d2\u1791\u17b6\u1794\u17cb \u2014 Next Lesson<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b8a5df2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"b8a5df2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u1780\u178e\u17d2\u178b\u1787\u17c8 \u2014 Ka\u1e47\u1e6dhaja<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-33b6c33 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"33b6c33\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u179f\u17c6\u17a1\u17c1\u1784\u1780\u17be\u178f\u1793\u17c5\u178f\u17c6\u1794\u1793\u17cb\u1794\u17c6\u1796\u1784\u17cb\u1780<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9084110 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"9084110\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u178f\u17b6\u179b\u17bb\u1787\u17c8 \u2014 T\u0101luja<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c6f051e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c6f051e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u179f\u17c6\u17a1\u17c1\u1784\u1780\u17be\u178f\u1793\u17c5\u178f\u17c6\u1794\u1793\u17cb\u1780\u17d2\u179a\u17a2\u17bc\u1798\u1798\u17b6\u178f\u17cb<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-636cfce elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"636cfce\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u1798\u17bb\u1791\u17d2\u1792\u1787\u17c8 \u2014 Muddhaja<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-23890ac elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"23890ac\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u1791\u1793\u17d2\u178f\u1787\u17c8 \u2014 Dantaja<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1ad421e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1ad421e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u17b1\u178a\u17d2\u178b\u1787\u17c8 \u2014 O\u1e6d\u1e6dhaja<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6a67a66 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"6a67a66\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ca3c9bb e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"ca3c9bb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2cf461f e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2cf461f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7597adc elementor-align-justify elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"7597adc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/watbuddharangsi.org\/km\/pali-reading-guide\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">\u2190 \u1798\u17c1\u179a\u17c0\u1793\u1791\u17b8 \u17e1<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b814006 elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"b814006\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/watbuddharangsi.org\/km\/pali-consonant-pronunciation\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">\u1798\u17c1\u179a\u17c0\u1793\u1791\u17b8 \u17e3 \u2192<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u179a\u17c0\u1793\u1795\u17d2\u179f\u17c6\u179f\u17d2\u179a\u17c8 \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u1796\u17d2\u1799\u1789\u17d2\u1787\u1793\u17c8\u1794\u17b6\u179b\u17b8 Combining P\u0101li Vowels and Consonants 1. Introduction \u179a\u17c0\u1793\u1796\u17b8\u179a\u1794\u17c0\u1794\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u179f\u17d2\u179a\u17c8\u1794\u17b6\u179b\u17b8\u1795\u17d2\u179f\u17c6\u1787\u17b6\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u1796\u17d2\u1799\u1789\u17d2\u1787\u1793\u17c8 \u178a\u17be\u1798\u17d2\u1794\u17b8\u1794\u1784\u17d2\u1780\u17be\u178f\u1787\u17b6\u1796\u17d2\u1799\u17b6\u1784\u17d2\u1782 \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u1796\u17b6\u1780\u17d2\u1799\u1794\u17b6\u179b\u17b8\u17d4 \u179f\u17d2\u179c\u17c2\u1784\u1799\u179b\u17cb\u1796\u17b8\u179a\u1794\u17c0\u1794\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u179f\u17d2\u179a\u17c8\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u17a2\u17d2\u1793\u1780\u1791\u17be\u1794\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u179a\u17c0\u1793 \u1794\u17d2\u179a\u17c2\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u17bd\u179b\u1793\u17c5\u1796\u17c1\u179b\u1795\u17d2\u179f\u17c6\u1787\u17b6\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u1796\u17d2\u1799\u1789\u17d2\u1787\u1793\u17c8 \u17a0\u17be\u1799\u1785\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1795\u17d2\u178a\u17be\u1798\u179a\u17c0\u1793\u1795\u17d2\u179f\u17c6\u1796\u17d2\u1799\u17b6\u1784\u17d2\u1782 \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u1796\u17b6\u1780\u17d2\u1799\u1794\u17b6\u179b\u17b8\u17d4 Learn how the vowels you have just studied change when they are combined with consonants, and begin forming P\u0101li syllables and words. \u17e1. \u179f\u17d2\u179a\u17c8\u1788\u179a\u178a\u17c4\u1799\u1781\u17d2\u179b\u17bd\u1793\u17af\u1784 \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u179f\u17d2\u179a\u17c8\u1795\u17d2\u179f\u17c6\u1787\u17b6\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u1796\u17d2\u1799\u1789\u17d2\u1787\u1793\u17c8 Independent Vowels and Vowels with Consonants \u1793\u17c5\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u1798\u17c1\u179a\u17c0\u1793\u1798\u17bb\u1793 \u1799\u17be\u1784\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u179a\u17c0\u1793\u179f\u17d2\u179a\u17c8\u1794\u17b6\u179b\u17b8\u1791\u17b6\u17c6\u1784 \u17e8\u17d6 \u17a2 \u17a2\u17b6 \u17a5 \u17a6 \u17a7 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"give_campaign_id":0,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-4258","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"campaignId":"","_hostinger_reach_plugin_has_subscription_block":false,"_hostinger_reach_plugin_is_elementor":false,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/watbuddharangsi.org\/km\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4258","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/watbuddharangsi.org\/km\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/watbuddharangsi.org\/km\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/watbuddharangsi.org\/km\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/watbuddharangsi.org\/km\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4258"}],"version-history":[{"count":26,"href":"https:\/\/watbuddharangsi.org\/km\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4258\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4417,"href":"https:\/\/watbuddharangsi.org\/km\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4258\/revisions\/4417"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/watbuddharangsi.org\/km\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4258"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}